
See this video: Nuclear Physics and Plasma Physics - Rob Goldston, Princeton
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Here is a hypothetical Birkeland Current, not that it necessarily looks like that or anything, but just for rough (yet still inexact) scaling purposes and possible computation purposes.
Inspired by this artical: NASA: A Giant Breach in Earth's Magnetic Field
A light wave, in classical physics, works like a superconducting LC Circuit (RLC without the resistance), minus the charge flow.



(4) If the Charge is accelerated up and down, then that causes the virtual photon to manifest as a real photon with an oscillating electromagnetic field in the plane perpendicular to the oscillation.





Sources: Very hard to find again, perhaps gods hid them to cover up the fact that gravitation exists :-() .... nah, just kidding, but there are many other effects at play here beside mere gravitation such as molecular sunlight absorption spectrums and resulting wind currents, solar wind interaction, electrostatic fields between cloud and statifed gas layers, and chemistry occuring due to ultraviolet ionizing radiation still to contend with which makes it a very dynamic situation.